Q230 · Practice questionTechnology-freeComplex familiar6 marks
QUESTION 230 (6 marks)
A well-mixed 100 L aquarium tank receives solution at 10 L/min with concentration 0.4 g/L. Mixture leaves at the same rate. Initially the tank contains pure water. Let S be salt mass in grams.
a)[3 marks]
Form and solve the differential equation.
b)[3 marks]
Find limiting concentration and first time concentration reaches 0.2 g/L.
WORKED SOLUTION
6 marksPractice marking scheme
ANSWER
(a) ; . (b) g/L; min.
Worked solution
(a) Salt enters at 0.4(10)=4 g/min and leaves at 10(S/100)=0.1S g/min. Thus . Separation with S(0)=0 gives . Volume remains 100 L because flow rates match.
(b) Limiting salt mass is 40 g, hence concentration 40/100=0.4 g/L. Target concentration requires S=20. Solve , giving t=10ln2. Salt mass increases strictly, so this is the first time.
Equivalent mathematically justified methods accepted.
Exact answers unless a decimal accuracy is specified.
Part a: Calculate input rate.
Part a: Calculate output rate and equation.
Part a: Solve with the initial condition.
Part b: Convert limiting mass to concentration.
Part b: Set target mass to 20.
Part b: Solve time and justify first attainment.
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