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Functioning ecosystems and succession — Question 13

Original QCE Vault practice · 1 mark

Q13 · Practice questionSimple familiar1 mark

QUESTION 13

Lichens begin colonising a newly exposed lava flow with no soil. This is an example of

(A)
secondary succession, because lava contains minerals.
(B)
primary succession, because colonisation begins without established soil.
(C)
secondary succession, because lichens are organisms.
(D)
primary succession, because all previous seeds survived.
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