QUESTION 64 (5 marks)
A hypothetical Australian-dollar appreciation changes the exchange rate from US$0.65 to US$0.75 per A$1. An imported machine has a fixed US$15 000 price. Calculate its Australian-dollar price before and after. Explain how this could affect both short-run inflation and longer-run productive capacity.
Practice marking scheme
Answer
Approximately A$23 076.92 before and A$20 000 after.
Working
Convert the foreign-currency price by dividing by USD per AUD: 15 000/0.65 = 23 076.92 and 15 000/0.75 = 20 000. Cheaper imported equipment and inputs may lower business costs and imported inflation. More affordable machinery can encourage capital investment and capacity, although pass-through, financing and expected demand matter. Export competitiveness may weaken at the same time.
Marking criteria
- Calculates both currency conversions. [2 marks]
- Explains a short-run cost/inflation channel. [1 mark]
- Explains a qualified capacity effect and a countervailing consideration. [2 marks]
Practice question aligned to the current QCAA syllabus; review the worked solution and marking criteria.
View the QCAA syllabusCompare your working with the guide above.